Systems of Labor Organization

The System of Labor Organization governs the relationship between the division of labor and the wages among the farmers. The relationship differs based on the kind of labor involved in the field.

Types of Labor Organization

There are different types of labor organization. They are:

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• Family Labor Organization- This structure is the one in which the family itself works on the field and enjoys the fruits of labor. The working capacity of the family members in the determining factor of how much profit the family earns. They always endeavor to fulfill the loss incurred by the family, if there is any. Even in this kind of system there could be problems, the biggest being the size of the plot. If the size of the plot is very small then all the family members do not get an opportunity to work on fields. In case there is scarcity of work on the fields the family members divide the work among themselves which leads to underemployment and as a consequence the standard of living deteriorates.
• Wage Labor Organization- There is a large number of wage labors found in the rural regions of the developing countries. The wage labors owe their existence to the poor mechanization in the rural areas of the developing nations. Due to population explosion and declining job opportunities the ordinary people have no other option but to offer their labor against wages.
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There are different types of wage labor organizations. They are:

• Permanent Wage Labors- Permanent wage labors are usually found in the large farms which can afford to keep permanent labors. They sign a bond for the entire life. They are paid in an annual basis. This relationship extends from a professional one to a personal one. The laborers can even expect promotion after a certain level.
• Casual Labors- These labors are time bound . They usually find work during the peak season of harvest. At other times of the year they are employed in some kind of work other than the agricultural work. This is a result of population explosion . Even the women and children find employment in this kind of system.
• Agricultural Labors Owning Small Farms- this could be considered as another type of tenancy since the labors in this category lose their own land due to several reasons and are forced to fins work in other fields. They work in their own small fields as well as other fields to sustain themselves.
• Colony- In Latin America people practice this type of farming which enables the farmers to work in fields which are given to them by the owners.
• Migratory Workers- People belonging to minority groups often become migratory labors. They travel from distant places in search of work and are employed by the owners of land as wage labors.
• Plantation Labors- They are the most organized form of labor more like the industrial workers. In spite of this the conditions in which they live are poor with very little scope of advancement. These plantation workers sometimes practice subsistence farming.
• Bonded Labor- This is a form of slavery. This happens due to any kind of debt or obligations. The labors get engulfed in such type of slavery to pay their debts and often end up in servitude for their entire life. The wages paid to them are very low and the interest rate is very high. Therefore, these labors are not able to repay their debts and are bound in slavery forever. This form of bond is illegal but the farmers are not in a position to do anything against this.

Every Labor Organization has characteristic features which are common to family and wage labors. But unfortunately the problem with the labor class is that they cannot be united under one umbrella and because of this reason they suffer.