23, Jan 2021, EST.
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Economic Indicator: Geography (Location, geographic coordinates, map references, area, terrain, elevation extremes, borders, coastline and maritime claims)
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Detailed Analysis for Year: 2015
Full Dataset: from 1993 to 2014
Dataset updated: 17th March 2015
Data Source: CIA Factbook
National or Regional Currency: Central African Franc
Currency Symbol: XAF
Location: Central Africa, south of Libya
Geographic Coordinates: 15 00 N, 19 00 E
Map References: Africa
Area: total: 1.284 million sq km ; land: 1,259,200 sq km ; water: 24,800 sq km
Area - Comparative: slightly more than three times the size of California
Terrain: broad, arid plains in center, desert in north, mountains in northwest, lowlands in south
Elevation Extremes(M): lowest point: Djourab 160 m ; highest point: Emi Koussi 3,415 m
Land Boundaries(Km): total: 6,406 km ; border countries: Cameroon 1,116 km, Central African Republic 1,556 km, Libya 1,050 km, Niger 1,196 km, Nigeria 85 km, Sudan 1,403 km
Coastline: 0 km (landlocked)
Maritime Claims: none (landlocked)
Geography - Note: note 1: Chad is largest of Africa's 16 landlocked countries ; note 2: not long ago - geologically speaking - what is today the Sahara was green savanah teeming with wildlife; during the African Humid Period, roughly 11,000 to 5,000 years ago, a vibrant animal community, including elephants, giraffes, hippos, and antelope lived there; the last remnant of the "Green Sahara" exists in the Lakes of Ounianga (oo-nee-ahn-ga) in northern Chad, a series of 18 interconnected freshwater, saline, and hypersaline lakes now protected as a World Heritage site ; note 3: Lake Chad, the most significant water body in the Sahel, is a remnant of a former inland sea, paleolake Mega-Chad; at its greatest extent, sometime before 5000 B.C., Lake Mega-Chad was the largest of four Saharan paleolakes that existed during the African Humid Period; it covered an area of about 400,000 sq km (150,000 sq mi), i.e., roughly the size of today's Caspian Sea