Interest rate calculation under student loan consolidation differs for federal and private student loans. Consolidation interest rates on federal student loans are computed by taking the average interest rate of all loans, which is rounded-off to the nearest 1/8 percent. The consolidated student loan interest rate is capped at 8.25%.
The PLUS Loan Consolidation Loophole
The PLUS Loan is a federal student loan offered to parents. Under the Higher Education Reconciliation Act of 2005, the interest rate on these loans was fixed at 8.5%. However, since the federal student loan consolidation cap is 8.25%, a PLUS Loan borrower can save 0.25% on interest through consolidation. This is recognized as the PLUS Loan consolidation loophole.
Private education loan consolidation interest rates vary from lender to lender. Individual lenders establish a consolidated student loan interest rate based on either:
Lenders usually add a margin for the credit of the borrower and/or co-signer. Additionally, they charge origination fee, which is between 1% and 5%, depending on the borrower’s credit.
Student loan interest rate during consolidation is also affected by the deferred interest amount. Lenders generally capitalize the deferred interest on the original loan, and include it in the consolidation. A high deferred interest may add to the ultimate consolidated student loan interest.
Additionally, the student loan consolidation application period also impacts the student loan interest rate. When student loans are consolidated before entering repayment, a borrower may be able to acquire a lower interest rate. This is because before repayments become due, the consolidation is based on the ‘in-school’ interest rates, which tend to be lower.